Socket Programming in Python

They are the true foundations of online browsing- A server and a client are the simplest phrases.

The first steps in socket programming are importing the socket library and creating a simple socket.

Now, we created a socket instance and passed it into two parameters. AF INET is the first parameter, while SOCK STREAM is the second. AF INET represents the address-family ipv4, and SOCK STREAM stands for Transmission Control Protocol connection-oriented protocol. We may now use this socket to connect to a server3.

Connecting to a Server

Ensure that if a socket is created with an error, the error is discarded, and we can only connect to a server if we know its IP. This will give you the server's IP address:

You can also find the Internet Protocol utilizing Python:

Here is an example of a script for connecting to Google.

Output

• At first, we made a socket.
• Then we solved it, that is google's Internet protocol, and finally, we linked to google.
• Now, we should have to understand how to send the data through the socket.
• To send data to the socket library, it has sendall functions. This feature sends data to the server to which the socket is connected, and the server can also send data to the client using this function.

A simple server-client program

Server

A server's bind() method connects it to a specific IP address and port, allowing it to listen for incoming requests on that address and port.

The listen() method on a server turns it into a listening server. The server can now listen for connection requests.

Finally, a server has methods accept() and close(). The accept method establishes a connection with the client, and the close method terminates that connection.

• At first, we imported the socket, which is mandatory.
• After that socket object is made, and on our pc, we reserved a port.
• Then, we connected the server to the particular port by passing an empty string, which means that it helps to listen to the incoming connections from other CPUs. If we had passed 127.0.0.1, it would have only listened to calls within the local computer.
• The server was then put into listening mode. If the server is busy, five connections are kept waiting, and if a 6th socket attempts to connect, the connection is rejected.
• Finally, we create a while loop and begin accepting all new connections, closing them after sending a thank you message to all connected sockets.

Client

We now require something with which the server may communicate. We can tenet to the server just to ensure it is up and running. In the termi, type these commands.

If the command 'telnet' isn't recognized. On Windows, look for "Windows features" and enable "telnet client."

Output

This output shows that our server is working.

Now for the client-side

• At first, we made a socket object.
• Then we connected to localhost on port 12345, got data from the server, and ended the connection.
• After launching the server script, save this file as client.py and run it from the terminal.

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What is the best way to execute this program?

Create two files: a Python Server Socket Program (Server.py) and a Python Client Socket Program (client.py). Go to the DOS prompt and begin the Python Server Socket Software when you are done coding. You'll see messages like "Server Started..." and "Waiting for client request..." on your DOS screen, where the server program is executing.

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Start the Python Client Socket Program from a DOS prompt on the same system or another machine on the same network. When you run the client software, it connects to the server and sends a message ("This is from Client") from the client-side. After receiving this message from the client, the server expects feedback from the server. Then, on the server side, type your message and hit the enter key. At the same time, the client receives the information and requests input from the client. You can type the message again from the client-side and hit the enter key. The server and client are now constantly communicating.

Now, you would have understood the socket method in Python, the method is used to create sockets and python socket programming. So, to learn the more core concepts of socket module in Python, you can join Python Training in Bangalore and understand how pair is used for the AF_INET address family.